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Haitian Americans ((フランス語:haïtien américain); (ハイチ語:ayisyen ameriken)) are Americans of Haitian descent. The largest proportion of Haitians live in the South Florida area and cities such as New York, Washington, D.C., Philadelphia, Chicago, Boston, Tampa, and Orlando. In 2009 the US Census estimated that there are 830,000 Haitian Americans living in the U.S.〔http://www.census.gov/prod/2010pubs/acsbr09-18.pdf〕 During the early 1960s and the 1970s, many Haitians emigrated to the U.S. during the family dictatorships of François "Papa Doc" and Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier. == History == During the 18th century, the French colony of Saint-Domingue was the richest in the Caribbean, due to its massive production of sugar cane. This wealth was concentrated in the hands of a small minority of planters, who used slave labor of Sub-Saharan African origin to harvest their crops. Beginning in 1791, slaves (who formed about 90 percent of the population) revolted against their masters and succeeded in forcing France to abolish slavery. When France attempted later to reintroduce slavery, the former slaves again revolted and won their independence in 1804 as the Republic of Haiti. The rebellion proved disruptive to the country's economy, however, as it spurred an exodus of wealthy colonists, both white and non-white. Many of these emigrated to the United States, particularly to the New Orleans region where they augmented the existing French-speaking population. Though France and the Spanish-speaking Caribbean (Cuba, Santo Domingo, and Puerto Rico) were other major destinations for many immigrants, the United States was a much more popular destination. While the earliest emigrants from Haiti tended to be from the upper classes, persistent conditions of poverty, as well as political unrest, eventually prodded many lower-class Haitians to emigrate as well. Altogether, there have been four periods of major migration to the United States in the history of Haiti: the initial wave at the turn of the 19th century, the U.S. occupation, the Duvalier regime, and the overthrow of Jean-Bertrand Aristide. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Haitian Americans」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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